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Calibration of Mechanistic-Empirical Models for Cracking and Rutting of New Pavements Using Heavy Vehicle Simulator Tests
Dynatest International, Naverland 32, Glostrup, DK 2600, DENMARK, Email: pullidtz@dynatest.com
University of California, Davis, California, USA, Email: jtharvey@ucdavis.edu
California Department of Transportation, California, USA, Email: Khalid_Ghuslan@dot.ca.gov
University of California, Berkeley, California, USA, Email: bwtsai@berkeley.edu
University of California, Davis, California, USA, Email: bdsteven@ucdavis.edu
University of California, Berkeley, California, USA, Email: clm@newton.berkeley.edu
| Abstract /Introduction | HVS Tests | IRME |
| Unbound Layers |
| Summary of Results for All Calibration Sections | Conclusion | Acknowledgement & References |
Conclusion |
The combination of models for:
- Modulus of asphalt materials as a function of reduced time,
- moduli of unbound layers as a function of the stiffness of the layers above and as a function of the load level,
- decrease of asphalt modulus caused by fatigue, and
- the development of slip between some asphalt layers,
resulted in a relatively good prediction of the resilient deflections of the pavements, at all load levels and for the whole duration of the tests.
The resilient deflection increased considerably during almost all of the HVS tests. Most of this increase took place before the first visible crack occurred. The increase in visual cracking did not correlate very well with any further development in deflection, or with the calculated decrease in asphalt modulus.
Permanent deformation of the individual layers in the pavement structures was predicted reasonably well and so was the overall permanent deformation at the pavement surface, including predictions for asphalt-rubber overlays. For the granular layers, and particularly for the subgrade, the permanent deformations were very small, making calibration of the models uncertain.
Before the models can be applied to the design of new pavements and rehabilitation overlays a number of issues need to be addressed such as the influence of aging, seasonal variations, wheel speeds and rest periods, and variability of materials, structure, loads and climate, but the calibration using the HVS data reported in this paper is believed to provide a solid foundation for the ongoing calibration effort.
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